RWANDA: GENOCIDE 15 APRÈS - ANALYSE

Waramutse Bwana Tito Kayijamahe ?

Nanjye ndagirango ngushimire kubera iri sesengura ryawe ku byerekeye Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, nyuma y’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) ibaye. Iri sesengura rero, nk’uko wabitumenyereje à quelques rares exceptions près, ni équilibrée, rirubaka kandi rigamije kujya imbere. Nkaba ariko mfite za observations nkeya, zigamije no gusubiza bimwe mu bibazo n’impungenge byawe.


1. Abahutu basa n’abatutsi


Uragira uti : « Ese abo bahutu bo bazize uko basa bo bazibukwa nabo mu mihango yizihiza imyaka 15 izaba yo kwibuka abacu bapfuye ? ».

Kuri iyi catégorie, wakongeraho n’abahutu byari bizwi ko ari abatutsi, ndetse n’abahutukazi cyangwa se abahutu bashakanye n’abatutsi cyangwa se abatutsikazi.

Abo bantu bose rero baribukwa kuva ku Cyunamo cya mbere cya Jenoside cyabaye mu kwezi kwa Mata 1995. Abenshi muri bo ndetse banashyinguwe mu cyubahiro mu nzibutso zinyuranye ziri hirya no hino mu Rwanda.

Icyo nshaka kuvuga ni uko muri rusange nta vangura rishingiye ku moko rikorwa ku banyarwanda bahitanwe n’Interahamwe cyangwa se abandi ba extrémistes Hutus. N’ikimenyimenyi ni uko mu cyiciro cy’ikusanyamakuru cy’Inkiko Gacaca, hakorwaga ibarurwa ry’abantu bose bahitanywe n’ibitero by’Interahamwe, nta kubaza ubwoko bwabo. Aha wakwifashisha amakayi yuzuzwaga na buri mudugudu, atarakoraga iryo vangura.

Bivuze ko n’ubwo Jenoside twibuka ari iyakorewe abatutsi, izindi nzirakarengane zayizize nazo zibukwa muri buri Cyunamo, kuva ku cya mbere (1) kugeza ku cya cumi na gatanu (15).


2. Abahutu bahishe abatutsi


Uragira uti : « Ese abo bahutu bo bazize ko bahishe abatutsi bo bazibukwa nabo mu mihango yizihiza imyaka 15 izaba yo kwibuka abacu bapfuye ? »

Aha naho ndaguha igisubizo nk’icyo maze kuguha ku bahutu basa n’abatutsi. Ngirango uribuka ko Ibuka yakoze ibarura ry’abo bahutu bahishe abatutsi mu gihe cya Jenoside kugirango ibashimire kandi ibahe icyubahiro bakwiriye. Uribuka kandi ko n’ibi byagiweho impaka ndende kuri izi mbuga. Ikindi kandi, mu makaye yuzuzwagwa mu cyiciro cy’ikusanyamakuru cy’Inkiko Gacaca, harimo ikibazo cyerekeranye n’abanyarwanda bahishe abandi mu gihe cya Jenoside. Tutibagiwe ko na Leta yagize Intwari Madamu Félicité, mushiki wa Colonel Nzungize, wagize ubutwari bwo guhisha abatutsi ku Gisenyi kugeza n’aho abizize.

Bivuze ko haba mu rwego rwa Ibuka haba mu rwego rwa Leta, abo bahutu bahishe abatutsi bazirikanywe nabo bakibukwa cyangwa se bagabwa icyubahiro.


3. Abazize ibitekerezo bya politiki


Uragira uti : « Mu by'ukuri njye iyi categorie ntabwo nyishyira mu bazize genocide ahubwo nyishyira mu bazize ibitekerezo byabo bya politiki. Usangamo abahutu n'abatutsi ku buryo ntabwo ushobora kuvuga ko Ndasingwa Lando yazize genocide kuko ari umututsi naho Nzamurambaho, Uwilingiyimana, Kavaruganda cyangwa Gafaranga bo batari mu bibukwa muri genocide yakorewe abatutsi kuko ari abahutu ? »


Bwana Kayijamahe, nanjye, hari ikintu nemera : iyo ubwicanyi burangira nko ku itariki ya 10 Mata 1994, ngirango ubu ntawe uba uvuga ko mu Rwanda habaye Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. Twese twari kuvuga ko mu Rwanda habaye ubwicanyi bwa politiki, bwagereranywa nk’ubwakozwe na Perezida Habyarimana amaze guhirika Perezida Kayibanda.

Ikibazo ariko ni uko byaje kugaraga ko ubwo bwicanyi bwa politiki bwari mu mugambi mugari wa Jenoside. Mu yandi magambo, n’ubwo abenshi muri abo banyapolitiki bari abahutu, nabo twavuga ko bazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, kimwe nka ba bahutu basa n‘abatutsi. Kuko tutabikoze gutya, twaba dutangiye ivangura, tuvuga ko mu Rwanda kuva tariki ya 07 Mata 1994, habaye ubwicanyi bubiri (2) : ubwicanyi bwa politiki na Jenoside.

Ikindi kandi, aho twaba dutangiye gukora ivangura hagati mu miryango. Naguha urugero. Tuzi ko ku itariki ya 07 Mata 1994, aba GP bishe Nzamurambaho Ferederiko, Madamu we, n’abana hafi ya bose bari mu rugo. Nakwibutsa kandi ko mbere gato ya Jenoside, RTLM yari imaze iminsi yibasira Mme Nzamurambaho, ngo ni umututsikazi ushyigikiye Inyenzi. Abo ba GP bageze kwa Ndasingwa Landoald, naho umuryango barawumara, ariko bageze kwa Kavaruganda Joseph ho batwara umugabo gusa ntibagira icyo batwara umugore n’abana.

Icyo nshaka kuvuga hano ni uko byaba ari totalement indécent yo kuvangura ubwicanyi bwibasiye umuryango umwe. Kuko bigenze gutyo, twavuga se ko Mme Nzamurambaho yazize ko yari umututsikazi ariko umugabo we akazira ibitekerezo bya politiki ? Niba aba GP barishe Kavaruganda ariko ntibice abana be, twavuga se ko Ndasingwa Landoald we yazize ibitekerezo bya politiki ariko abana be bakazira ko ari abatutsi ?

Nkaba rero mbona ko byaba ibyiza imvugo ibaye imwe rukumbi : mu Rwanda habaye Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, ariko ikanahitana n’abandi banyarwanda, baba abazira ko basa n’abatutsi, ko abahishe abatutsi cyangwa se abazira ibitekerezo byabo bya politiki.

Kuri iyi ngingo, nasoza nkubwira ko abanyapolitiki bazize Jenoside bibukwa by’umwariko buri wa gatandatu w’icyumweru cy’Icyunamo, ku irimbi ry’i Rebero mu Karere ka Gasabo, Intara ya Kigali.


4. Abahutu bishwe na FPR


Uragira uti : « Muri technique zo ku bica, FRP yatumizaga inama ku musozi igahamagaza abagabo bose n'abasore bose ngo bitabe inama nuko ikabazenguruka ikabamenamo urusasu ku buryo harokokagamo mbarwa. Ibyo by'inama byabaye ku misozi myinshi yo mu Rwanda ».

Aha ngirango byaba byiza tugiye dukoresha imvugo ya nyayo. Kuba hari ingabo za FPR zishe abaturage, mbere ya Jenoside, mu gihe cya Jenoside cyangwa se nyuma yaho, ntabwo bisobanura ko abo bantu « bishwe na FPR », nk’umuryango wa politiki. Kuko niba Interahamwe zarakoraga Jenoside zikurikije gahunda ya kirimbuzi yemejwe na Guverinoma y’Abatabazi, Abasirikari ba FPR bakoze ubwo bwicanyi hirya no hino bo babukoze ku giti cyabo. N’ikimenyimenyi ni uko abafatwagwa babihanirwagwa, kugeza n’aho bamwe barasirwa ku biti ngo bibere abandi urugero.

Bikaba byumvikana rero ko bitaba bikwiye gushyira ku kigero kimwe, Jenoside yateguwe kandi igashyirwa mu bikorwa na Guverinoma, kumwe na des crimes isolés zakozwe n’abasirikare ba FPR mu rwego rwo kwihorera, mu rwego rwo gusahura, cyangwa se no mu rundi rwego.

Naho byinshi mu bindi wavuze byo tubyemeranywaho. Niyo mpamvu nongera kugushimira kuri iri sesengura wakoze, isesengura riri équilibrée n’ubwo nta byera ngo de !

Sinarangiza ariko ntakubwiye ngo ni mwonkwe kandi musubireyo nta mahwa ! Muzibuke « kumusiramuza » niba ari umuhungu !

Ugire umunsi mwiza.

Rwemalika Théoneste

27 mars 2009